For years men who were afflicted by erectile dysfunction had to suffer in silence or put their faith in natural remedies which had no scientific foundation or any empirical evidence to support their efficacy claims.  Thanks to the discovery of a medical solution, completely by accident, men who can afford to pay for their medication now have access to some form of treatment which has a high degree of success. Viagra is probably the most widely known treatment for erectile dysfunction but there are others which are equally effective. Most men wonder why they suddenly find it difficult to achieve an erection and which treatment, if any, will work for them.

Many different physical changes can cause erectile dysfunction. Sometimes men who have treatment for prostate cancer or who suffer from injuries to their pelvic areas suffer from the condition due to damage to the nerves surrounding the penis. Other men have the condition because of a decreased amount of testosterone in their bodies as they age. However, the vast majority of men who suffer from erectile dysfunction have the condition because the chambers that hold the blood to support an erection are no longer capable of expanding to the necessary capacity to contain sufficient blood to support a viable erection.

Erections are caused by blood flow to the penis, which happens when the man is sexually aroused. The muscles surrounding the arteries that control this blood flow are usually constricted slightly, which keeps the penis in its relaxed state. During sexual stimulation, these muscles relax, allowing more blood to the area.

When a man experiences sexual arousal, a chemical known as cGMP is released to the genital area. This chemical is responsible for opening up the arteries and allows blood to flow into the penis. The penis
contains an enzyme known as PDE5, which degrades the cGMP. This chemical keeps the penis from remaining erect permanently. Eventually the PDE5 will degrade enough of the cGMP to cause the erection to relax. Viagra attacks the PDE5 in the penis so less of the cGMP is degraded. This means that more blood is able to flow to the area for a longer period of time.

So how does Viagra block the PDE5? PDE5 is an enzyme whose only purpose is to bond with cGMP to break it down. The active ingredient in Viagra, sildenafil, inhibits the production of PDE5, thereby allowing an erection to be sustained.

Viagra stays in a man’s blood stream for approximately four hours. This means that in order for the medication to work, the man must have intercourse within four hours of taking the medication. There will be traces of sildenafil in the body after 4 hours but not in sufficient quantities to help sustain an erection.

Viagra does not create an erection without sexual stimulation; the ability to create an erection relies on the presence of cGMP, which is only released when the man is sexually aroused. The cGMP is produced in response to chemical signals sent through nerve fibres from the brain.

Viagra does have some potential side effects. The most disturbing side effect some people report is a change in vision. The medication affects PDE6, which is an enzyme that is present in the retina. Sometimes men will not see green and blue well after taking the medication. This is a temporary side effect.

Small side effects also include complaints such as headaches, indigestion and back pain. Men who are taking nitrates should not take the medication. Viagra should only be taken by men who truly need it. Younger men who take the medication may develop a psychological dependency. There is a theory that it may not work for them later in life when they actually need the medication but there is no evidence to support this contention.